Python Setup – Windows, MAC and Linux, Python Basics | First Python Script

This post explains about Python Setup on different OS like Windows, MAC & Linux. We will also learn about Python basics like commenting, PIP, PY charm and first Python script. Let us start step by step.

Python Setup on your machine

Python Setup on Windows

  1. Go to download python page on official site
    https://www.python.org/downloads/
  2. Click on Download python 3.6.4 (Version may change) and complete the download
  3. Double click on downloaded file. It will launch the python installer. Follow the instructions and you will see “The installation was successful” message when Python is successfully installed.

Python Setup on Mac OS

  1. Go to download python page on official site
    https://www.python.org/downloads/
  2. Click on Mac OS X below section “Looking for Python with a different OS? Python for Windows”
  3. Click on Mac OS X 64-bit/32-bit installer (Version may change) and complete the download
  4. Double click on downloaded file. It will launch the python installer. Follow the instructions and you will see “The installation was successful” message when Python is successfully installed.

Python Setup on Ubuntu

Python 3 is installed by default on modern versions of Ubuntu, so you should already have it installed. On command line run:

python3 -V

You should see current installed version of Python on your machine.

Introduction to PyCharm

By now you have successfully installed Python on your machine by following steps in previous section.

Now you need a good text editor to make and run your scripts. Windows installer of python comes with a default text editor called “IDLE”. You can surely use it but I personally prefer a text editor called PyCharm.

PyCharm can be used from making a small script to large professional application.

Go ahead, download and install PyCharm. We will soon use it to make our first script.

Basics of PIP command line

As a popular open source development project, Python has an active supporting community of contributors and users that also make their software available for other Python developers to use under open source license terms.

This allows Python users to share and collaborate effectively, benefiting from the solutions others have already created to common problems, as well as potentially contributing their own solutions to the common pool.

PIP is the preferred installer program. Starting with Python 3.4, it is included by default with the Python binary installers.

Open a command prompt or shell prompt depending on the OS you are using and type

pip -h

If python is installed correctly on your machine, then it should list all available commands for pip.

Let’s say you want to install Requests library to make http calls. Open command line and type:

pip install Requests

Successful completion of this command will install request library in your PC. You can now import and use it in your scripts.

Hands On

Culture of indentation

Python functions have no explicit begin or end, and no curly braces to mark where the function code starts and stops.

name=input("Enter the academy name: ")

if name == 'rcvacademy':

print("Yes please")

else:

print("We are unable to find this academy")

We will discuss the syntax details later, here I just want to show you that unlike other languages python does not use brackets to mark the begin and end of a statement.

It uses “:” and indentation to show that we are in a code block.

These indentations will be automatically added by your python supported text editors. Advantage of this approach is, you will always get a well-structured code in the end.

How to comment in Python

It is a good practice to put comment in our program to make it more understandable.

Comments in the program are the statements which will not be executed. These are the pointers for the developer, that what a certain piece of code is supposed to do.

Python provides two types of commenting methods:

Single line comment in Python using hash (#)

print (“You are here”) #This is a comment

Multiline comment in Python

"""

This is

a

multiline comment

"""

Say hello to world (Make your first script)

OK let’s start with our first script.

Open PyCharm and click on File->New -> Then select python file -> Name your file like first_prog.py.

“py” extension indicates that it’s a python script.

Now write code as shown below and save it.

print ("Hello World")

Run this program by pressing the Run button. You should see Hello World on output prompt.

That’s it, this is all about Python basics and first Python program

Entrepreneur Personal Attributes – Why be an Entrepreneur?

An entrepreneur is a very famous word amongst the business community life. But, many people still cannot get the definition and meaning of who is an entrepreneur.

In this post we will discuss Entrepreneur personal attributes and why to be an entrepreneur?

Who is an Entrepreneur? Entrepreneur Personal Attributes

French word entrepreneur means “One who undertakes an endeavor.” Entrepreneurs differ in education and experiences. But the research indicated that the most successful entrepreneurs share specific personal attributes, including creativity, dedication, determination, flexibility, leadership, passion, self-confidence and ‘smarts.’

Let us discuss the personal attributes one by one.

Creativity

Creativity is the spark that drives the development of new products or services or ways to do business.

Dedication

Dedication is what motivates entrepreneur to work hard, 12 hours a day, or even seven days of a week, especially in the beginning to get the endeavor off the ground.

Determination

A determination is an extreme desire to achieve success; it includes persistence and the ability to bounce back after rough times.

Flexibility

Changing markets require the ability to change quickly, and flexibility is the attribute which is key to entrepreneurship.

Leadership

Ability to create rules and set goals.

Passion

Entrepreneurs start a business and keep doing it due to passion. It gives them the ability to convince others to believe in their vision.

Smarts

Smarts consist of common sense joined with knowledge or experience in a related business. The former gives a person a right instinct and the latter expertise.

Why be an Entrepreneur?

Entrepreneurship has a lot to do with business, however, it is a way of thinking about things that everyone can do. Seeing individuals as empowered as agents of change and then thinking about what we can do differently.

Regarding choosing a carrier a person or an individual has in general three choices in his hands to proceed; to work for others, be self-employed in a profession or be an entrepreneur.

As compared to all, the last one has got an edge as compared to other two, because it’s not merely giving employment to one but providing job opportunities to others also.

Doing what you love

It is natural to feel fearful of failing. But to start with one’s own business is like leaving the comfort zone and entering the twilight zone.

It is an activity where it should be ensured to strike a balance between the business what you love to do and which is profitable as well. ‘Choose a job that you like, and you never have to work a day in your life.’

Independence and freedom

Entrepreneurship allows undertaking the activities of one’s choice and comfort which offers independence and freedom in return.

Recognition and self-fulfillment

Entrepreneurship provides the ability to be involved in the total operation of the business from the concept of design and creation.

It offers excitement compared to being regular employees. Adventure-hunters love being entrepreneurs as they are exposed to too much risk.

Income Potential

Entrepreneurship offers a higher possibility of achieving significant financial rewards than working under someone else.

Of course, substantial financial rewards happen if your efforts are well planned, efficient and well focused.

Python Language Introduction – Importance and its Application

Introduction to Python Language

Python language is a widely used general-purpose, high-level programming language. It was developed by  Guido van Rossum at CWI in the Netherlands.

Python 1.0 was released in 1994. Since then language have seen many changes and improvement so far. Python is an open source language. It is driven by a great community of developers and testers from all over the worlds.

Here are few pointers about “Why you should learn python language”.

  • One of the major advantages of python is its syntax and readability. It has an intuitive syntax which makes user to focus on logic rather than tiny language details.
  • Python language supports all major Operating systems available, like Windows, MAC and Linux.
  • Python efficiently handles lower level operations like garbage collection and memory management by itself. You don’t have to worry about these things.
  • Python has a vast collection of standard libraries which speeds up the development process.
  • Python can seamlessly collaborate with other important languages Like C, Java. For example- Jython is a flavour of python language which can import a JAVA classes and use them.

Importance of Python Language in current technical space

Python is showing an ever-growing demand in many technical areas. Some important areas are as follows:

Web Development

Frameworks such as Django  and Flask made python very popular in the area of web development. Their ease of use and extensibility has made them a favourite among newbie’s as well as experienced professionals.

Scientific and Numeric

Python is a first choice for scientific calculations and data crunching. It has some superb libraries to perform these kinds of tasks.

  • SciPy is a collection of packages for mathematics, science, and engineering.
  • Pandas is a data analysis and modelling library.

Automation

Python is being used heavily in automation domain. Major automation frameworks like Selenium and Appium supports python. Python have some famous native automation tools also like robot

Education

Python’s elegant and simple syntax has made it very popular in the academic sector. Recent trend has shown that Python past Java as first choice of programming language.

Universities like MIT now teach programming in Python language.

https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-00sc-introduction-to-computer-science-and-programming-spring-2011/

What is Advertising – Advertising Definition, Preparing Advertisement

Nowadays, we all are under the influence of “Advertisement” and “Advertising”. We heavily rely on advertisements to buy any product or services they need.

Advertising Definition

Advertising is bringing an item (or administration) to the consideration of potential and current clients.

Promoting is centered around one specific item or administration. In this manner, a promoting arrangement for one item may be altogether different than that for another item.

Promoting is ordinarily finished with signs, pamphlets, plugs, coordinate mailings or email messages, individual contact, and so on.

What is an Advertisement?

Notice (advertisement) is a productive and compelling system to advance merchandise, administrations, and thoughts.

It is a paid type of non-individual correspondence wherein business data is made accessible for potential clients.

The word “Advertisement” is derived from the Latin word “Advertere” which truly signifies “to turn the inclinations of … towards… “.

Notice advances and supplements offering of items, administrations, and thoughts as it were.

The most intriguing part of a commercial is – it conveys accurate data with captivating, passionate interest. Consequently, without an appropriate notice, no business can succeed.

Destinations of Commercials

The principal thought behind the commercial is to build the business by offering merchandise/administrations. Plus, there are numerous different targets of promotion, critical of them are −

  • To advance recently propelled items among the potential clients.
  • To advance individual offering program.
  • To make mindfulness among greatest individuals about your business in a brief timeframe.
  • To enter national or even global market and spur new gathering of clients.
  • To improve the goodwill and fabricate validity among the clients by promising to give better nature of items and administrations.

Preparing Promotion 

The promotions that we find in the daily papers, magazines, and roadside hoardings or watch on TV or the web includes a great deal of work.

An ad experiences several stages from its underlying arranging stage to its execution. Moreover, it likewise includes gatherings of individuals represented considerable authority in various fields.

For instance, specialists of administration, copyediting, exploratory writing, photography, videography, acting, and so on.

Sections of Ad

The three noteworthy segments of Ads are:

Advertiser

The business association or some other person, who wishes to publicize their items, administrations, or thoughts.

Ad Office

An administration based firm that makes creative thoughts and builds up an alluring and significant advertisement.

Media

A correspondence stage that offers significant and successful medium to promote.

Advertising – Medium of Notice

While wanting to publicize your business/item/thought, you additionally need to choose which medium would be the most appropriate to execute your promotion.

You can look over various mediums from the rundown given below:

Print Media

It is one of the most established, yet at the same time well-known medium of promotion. It incorporates, daily papers, pamphlets, magazines, and fliers. It is the low spending medium of ad. However the rate differs considering on:

  • Geographic area (city, town, and so on.)
  • Brand (of daily paper and magazine), and
  • Space (how much and which part of the page you are reserving).

Communicate/Electronic Media

It is the most progressive and quickest media, which achieves the remotest areas of the world in a small amount of a moment.

It incorporates radio, TV, and the Web. Since, on TV and web, both video and sound can be run; subsequently, it is the most well known and viable medium.

Outside

It is the least expensive, yet compelling medium. It incorporates hoardings, banners, pennants, boards, engine vehicles, building/fence wraps, occasions, and so on.

Open air Ad is utilized as a part of different approaches to build mark mindfulness and for the advancement of items/administrations.

Advertising – Promoting Arrangement

A promoting arrangement is a composed methodology for how you plan to publicize your business.

Advertising is any way you contact potential customers through media. Publicizing may incorporate daily paper promotions, boards, standard mail.

For example, pamphlets or postcards and online notices through Google, Facebook or flag commercials on Sites applicable to your business.

A publicizing arrangement is an advancement outline that, when taken after, gives the heading to organizations and organizations to support deals, make mindfulness in the market, and connect with a new client base.

A promoting arrangement will guarantee that your organization’s cash will be spent sensibly spent and will achieve the majority of the best possible target gatherings of people.

It ought to be noted, notwithstanding, that setting a robust strategy for success is the first fundamental stride as this addresses every working expense, including a financial plan for promoting.

As there are numerous aspects to promoting and not only a single technique or cost connected with it, a reasonable publicizing spending should be made that stays within the budgetary limits of the organization.

Once the financial plan and target groups of onlookers have been made sense of, the time has come to set the promoting arrangement. The strategies that are picked will rely on upon the financing and target gathering of people.

Here are the absolute most standard methodologies:

Print Promotion

This is promoting that fundamentally put on paper, similar to advertisements in flyers or regular postal mail, handouts, daily papers, and magazines, and not known to be the best type of publicizing.

This may change in today’s showcasing world since the greater part of organizations are utilizing web-based promoting, which would make any printed material emerge.

Email Publicizing

Much like print publicizing, messages straightforwardly achieve potential or current clients, yet is additionally not known to be the best technique.

With a normal open rate of just a simple 20%, an organization may need to pay the extra cost of enlisting an outside promoting or advertising firm to buy a mailing list.

Media Promoting

This promoting uses TV and radio advertisements and can be very expensive. An organization not just needs to buy the spaces for TV or radio, they should likewise make something that highlights their administrations or items.

On the off chance that you are sufficiently fortunate to find that your favored group of onlookers happens to appreciate a great deal of TV time at home or invests a decent arrangement of energy in a vehicle, this could be the most valuable types of publicizing, and worth the cost.

Be careful about the innovation of DVR’s, however, inquire about demonstrates that quick sending circumvents a significant part of the publicizing.

Digital Publicizing

Pages can be for anything, for an organization, and there are promotions all over the place.

Advertisements generally install a connection to the organization site page, and positive results from this sort of publicizing have been appeared to be on the ascent.

What is Auditing – Auditing Definition, Introduction and Meaning

The primary purpose of the audit is to confirm the authenticity of books of accounts prepared by an accountant. In this post, we will cover Auditing introduction, definitions, and functions.

It is well known saying that “where the function of accountant ends, audit begins to determine the true and fair picture of such accounts.”

Auditing Introduction

The audit is an intelligent and critical examination of the books of accounts of the business.

Auditing is done by the independent person or body of persons qualified for the job with the help of statements, papers, information and comments received from the authorities so that the examiner can confirm the authenticity of financial accounts prepared for a fixed term and report that:

  • The balance sheet exhibits an accurate and fair view of the state of affairs of concern;
  • The profit and loss accounts reveal the right and balanced view of the profit and loss for the financial period;
  • The accounts have been prepared in conformity with the law.

Thus, it will be seen that the duty of an auditor is much more than a mere comparison of the balance sheet and accounts with the books.

But, apart from doing this, he has to satisfy himself according to his information and the explanations given to him.

Meaning of Auditing

The term audit is derived from a Latin word “audire” which means to hear authenticity of accounts is assured with the help of the independent review.

Audit is performed to ascertain the validity and reliability of information. Examination of books and accounts with supporting vouchers and documents to detect and prevent error, fraud is the primary function of auditing.

Auditor has to check the effectiveness of internal control systems for determining the extent of checking out the audit.

Initially its meaning and use were confined merely to cash audit, and the auditor has to ascertain whether the persons are responsible for the maintenance of accounts had adequately accounted for all the cash receipts and the payment on behalf of this principle.

But the word audit has an extensive usage, and it now means a thorough scrutiny of the books of accounts and its ultimate aim is to verify the financial position disclosed by the balance sheet and profit and loss accounts of a company.

In short, an audit implies an investigation and a report. The process of checking and vouching continues until the study is completed and the auditor enables himself to report under the terms of his appointment.

Definition of Auditing

“An audit is an examination of accounting records undertaken with a view of establishing whether they correctly and completely reflect the transactions to which the purport to relate.”  –Lawrence R. Dickey

“Audit is defined as an investigation of some statements of figures involving examination of certain evidence, so as to enable an auditor to make a report on the statement.” Taylor and Perry

“An audit denotes the examination of balance sheet and profit and loss accounts prepared by others together with the books of accounts and vouchers relating thereto such in such a manner that the auditor may be able to satisfy himself and honestly report that in his opinion such balance sheet is properly drawn up so as to exhibit a true and correct view of the state of affairs of a particular concern according to the information and explanations given to him and as shown by the books.” -F.R.M De Paula

“Auditing is a systematic examination of the books of records of business or other organization in order to ascertain or to verify and to report upon the facts regarding its financial operations and the result thereof.” Prof. Montgomery

“Audit such an examination of the books of accounts and vouchers of a business as will enable the auditor to satisfy himself that the balance sheet is properly drawn up so as to give a fair and true view of the state of affairs of the business and the whether the profit and loss of accounts gives a true and fair view of profit and loss for the financial period according to the best of his information and explanations given to him and as shown by the books and if not in what respect he is not satisfied.” Spicer & Pegler

“Audit may be said to be verification of the accuracy and correctness of the books of accounts by an independent person qualified for the job and not in any way connected with the preparation of such accounts.” -J.B. Bose

“Audit is not an inquisition and its mission is not one of fault finding. Its purpose is to bring to the notice of the administration lacunae in his rules, regulations and lapses, and to suggest possible ways and means for the execution of plans and projects with greater expedition, efficiency and economy.” A.K. Chandra